医用外科口罩

口罩/Mask/Respirator

上一条：KN95

医用外科口罩用于由临床医务人员在有创操作等过程中所佩戴的一次性口罩，能覆盖使用者的口、鼻等，为防止病原体微生物、体液、颗粒物等的直接透过提供物理屏障。通常由面罩、定形件、束带等组件加工而成，一般由非织造布材料制造而成。通过过滤起到隔离作用。医用外科口罩主要以聚丙烯为主要原料，这些具有独特的毛细结构的超细纤维增加单位面积纤维的数量和表面积，从而使熔喷布具有很好的过滤性、屏蔽性。

医用外科口罩需符合我国医药行业标准YY 0469-2011《医用外科口罩技术要求》，主要技术指标如下：

（1）过滤效率：在空气流量（30±2）L/min条件下，对空气动力学中值直径（0.24±0.06）μm氯化钠气溶胶的过滤效率不低于30%；

（2）细菌过滤效率：在规定条件下，对金黄色葡萄球菌ATCC6538的过滤效率不低于95%；

（3）压力差：在规定条件下，口罩两侧面进行气体交换的压力差应不大于49Pa；

（4）合成血液穿透：2ml合成血液以16.0kPa（120mmHg）压力喷向口罩外侧面后，口罩内侧面不应出现渗透。

用于戴在手术室医务人员口鼻部位，以防止皮屑、呼吸道微生物传播到开放的手术创面，并阻止手术病人的体液向医务人员传播，起到双向生物防护的作用。

正确佩戴口罩是阻断呼吸道分泌物传播的有效手段，选择医用外科口罩能很好地预防呼吸系统传染疾病的传播。佩戴方法如下：

（1）佩戴口罩前应将手清洗干净，在戴口罩过程中避免手接触到口罩内侧面，减少口罩被污染的可能；

（2）佩戴时，分清楚口罩的内外、上下，浅色面为内，深色面朝外，金属条(鼻夹)一端是口罩的上方，将折面完全展开；

（3）将有鼻夹的一边向上，将嘴、鼻、下颌全包住，将口罩下端调节至下颌适当位置，两边的橡筋带挂于双耳或将两端的绑带系结于脑后，然后压紧鼻夹，使口罩与面部完全贴合。

（1）在购买使用医用外科口罩时，要到正规的医院、药店购买，同时注意产品的外包装要有生产批号、生产日期、使用期限。生产许可证、产品注册号等信息，以及详细的产品使用说明；

（2）使用前请检查包装是否完好，对外包装标志、生产日期、有效期进行确认，并在灭菌有效期内使用；

（3）应确保口罩展开后覆盖着鼻梁至下颌处，以获得预期的防护效果；

（4）一次性的医用外科口罩，禁止重复使用；

（5）医用外科口罩使用前若发现包装破损，禁止使用；

（6）对非织造布过敏者慎用；

（7）医用外科口罩使用后，应按医院和环保部门要求进行处理。

身体健康的公众在日常生活和正常的社会活动中，不建议佩戴口罩。如需与流行病患者接触，或长时间处于人员密集且不通风的场所，则应当通过佩戴口罩进行个人防护。

Medical surgical mask is a disposable mask worn by clinical medical personnel in the process of invasive operation. It can cover the user's mouth and nose, and provide a physical barrier to prevent the direct penetration of pathogens, microorganisms, body fluids and particles. It is usually processed by components such as mask, shaped part and strap, and is generally made of nonwoven materials. Isolation by filtration. Medical surgical masks mainly use polypropylene as the main raw material. These ultra-fine fibers with unique capillary structure increase the number and surface area of fibers per unit area, so that the melt blown cloth has good filtration and shielding.

The medical surgical mask shall comply with the Chinese pharmaceutical industry standard YY 0469-2011 technical requirements for medical surgical mask. The main technical indexes are as follows:

(1) Filtration efficiency: under the condition of air flow (30 ± 2) l / min, the median diameter of Aerodynamics (0.24 ± 0.06) μ M. the filtration efficiency of sodium chloride aerosol shall not be less than 30%;

(2) Bacterial filtration efficiency: under the specified conditions, the filtration efficiency of Staphylococcus aureus atcc6538 shall not be less than 95%;

(3) Pressure difference: under the specified conditions, the pressure difference between the two sides of the mask for gas exchange shall not be greater than 49pa;

(4) Penetration of synthetic blood: after 2ml of synthetic blood is sprayed to the outer side of the mask at the pressure of 16.0kpa (120mmhg), there shall be no penetration on the inner side of the mask.

It is used to wear on the mouth and nose of medical staff in the operating room to prevent dandruff and respiratory tract microorganisms from spreading to open surgical wounds, and prevent the body fluid of surgical patients from spreading to medical staff, playing a two-way biological protection role.

Correctly wearing masks is an effective means to block the transmission of respiratory secretions. Choosing medical surgical masks can well prevent the transmission of respiratory infectious diseases. Wear as follows:

(1) Wash your hands before wearing the mask. Avoid touching the inner side of the mask during wearing the mask to reduce the possibility of mask contamination;

(2) When wearing, distinguish the inside and outside, up and down of the mask. The light color side is inside, and the dark color side is outside. One end of the metal strip (nose clip) is above the mask, and fully unfold the folding surface;

(3) Put the side with nose clip upward, cover the mouth, nose and mandible, adjust the lower end of the mask to the appropriate position of the mandible, hang the rubber bands on both sides on the ears or tie the straps on both ends behind the head, and then press the nose clip to make the mask fully fit the face.

(1) When purchasing and using medical surgical masks, go to regular hospitals and pharmacies. At the same time, pay attention to the production batch number, production date and service life of the outer packaging of the products. Production license, product registration number and other information, as well as detailed product instructions;

(2) Please check whether the package is intact before use, confirm the external packaging mark, production date and validity period, and use it within the sterilization validity period;

(3) It should be ensured that the mask covers the bridge of the nose to the lower jaw after deployment to obtain the expected protective effect;

(4) Disposable medical surgical masks shall not be reused;

(5) If the package of medical surgical mask is found damaged before use, it is prohibited to use;

(6) Use with caution if you are allergic to nonwovens;

(7) After use, the medical surgical mask shall be treated according to the requirements of the hospital and the environmental protection department.

The healthy public is not recommended to wear masks in their daily life and normal social activities. In case of contact with epidemic patients or in densely populated and ventilated places for a long time, personal protection should be carried out by wearing masks